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In fact, you probably trust a few different governments. The US Government may not be the only one you trust. Finally, if someone shows you an ID that has been issued by the US Passport Authority, you trust that they are who they say they are. The Passport Authority is now your Issuing CA, a "subordinate" of the Root CA. If the American Government says that the US Passport Authority is trustworthy to properly identify people, then because you trust the US Government, you now trust the Passport Authority to hand out IDs to people. This makes the American Government your "Root Certificate Authority". You don't trust them because anyone above them does, you just inherently trust them - you always have. Put into non-technical terms, let's say that you trust the American government. Essentially, you trust the identity of someone because they have proof that someone else you trust has vouched for them. The biggest concept to understand with a CA environment is chains of trust. You can skip this part if you're not interested, but personally I find it easier to wrap my head around things when I understand them better. Let's start with a basic understanding of Certificate Authorities. But, in my opinion, automation is for things we'll do repeatedly, and standing up a Certificate Authority is probably something you'll do once in any given organization. I'd also like to call out that almost everything in this series of posts is automatable and can be done with a combination of PowerShell and the CERTUTIL tool that's included with most builds of Windows. The first is Jason Sandys, who first taught me the basics both as a presenter and as a consultant, and also Anthony Fontanez, who I've had numerous conversations about PKI and Certificates with, who was a huge technical editor for this post, and without whom this series of posts wouldn't be nearly as good as I hope you'll find they are. I'd like to acknowledge two people for their contribution to my knowledge on PKI and to this post. Part 8 - Maintenance and your day to day work.Part 7 - Using the Certificate Enrollment Web Interface.

Part 6 - Using Computer, Web Server, and Code Signing Certificates.

Part 5 - Setting up Certificate Templates.

Part 4 - Trusting your Root CA across the domain.

Part 3 - Catch up on what we've done and how it works.

Part 2 - Standing up your Subordinate/Issuing CA.

Part 1 - Standing up your Root CA (You Are Here).

It's broken down into the following parts. This post is one in a series about setting up a Microsoft Certificate Authority. Thanks Adam Cook and Nick Skwarek for your contributions!!! Minor updates to grammar, spelling, and a bad image on a few pages of this series.